Cognitive Load Theory

Sweller, J. (1988). “Cognitive load during problem solving.” Cognitive Science, 12, 257-285.

Cognitive Load Theory, developed by John Sweller, describes the limits of working memory and their implications for performance. Three types: intrinsic load (task difficulty), extraneous load (poor presentation or coordination overhead), germane load (productive learning effort). Performance degrades when total load exceeds working memory capacity. Reducing extraneous load frees capacity for the actual work.